Adolf Hitler and The Holocaust Why Do We Study the...

The Holocaust was a tragic piece of the worlds history. It happened from 1933 to 1945, and it was a mass killing and discrimination against people of certain races. They started with the Nuremberg Laws when Hitler became the most powerful. Hitler was a strange man who blamed Jews for the fall of Germany. There are several reasons as to why we study the Holocaust, the most important is so we never face something like this again. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria but later on became a German solider. He went to Germany after both his parents died, and after he was rejected from an art college. During WWI Hitler was injured twice. While he was in the hospital recovering, he found out that Germany lost the war, and he became furious. Once he†¦show more content†¦Jews couldnt leave, they lost all rights and had no where to go. Germany expanded and they lost rights. Over this 12 year period, we lost 11 million undisirables, and tons of allied soilders. World War II was a huge turning point for us. Once Japaneese soilders bombed and attacked us at Pearl Harbor, we jumped into the war. Before hand, we were trying to stay out of this ugly war. We even stopped send Japan materials, and they saw it as a threat. They thought they were being an unequal part in the Tripartite pact. The Tripartite Pact was a deal between Japan, Italy, and Germany, stating they would work together to rule the world. Two of the allied powers were fighting, Russia and Great Britan, while we tried to stay ou of this. Once we joined the war, the hammer swwung the other way. we were so strong and fresh that Germany couldnt take it. They were weaker and tierd. Once we came in, we slowly took over. On September 8th 1943, Italy capitulated. Once America joined the war, the Final Solution was put into action, Germany tried to get rid of everything. WWII was a horrible and long battle that we will never forget. Anne Frank personally went through the Holocaust. She didnt make it all way though. She died two weeks before her camp was liberated. The only person Anne talked about that survived was her Dad.Show MoreRelatedHow Hitler Started World War II627 Words   |  3 PagesAlthough Hitler’s motives were more clear towards the end of World War II, Adolf did tackle the unemployment and stimulate Germany’s failing economy. Once Hitler became Chancellor of Germany on January 30th, 1933 The economic policy for Hitler’s regime involved large scale borrowing for public expenditures which created railroads, canals, and the Autobahnen or the German highway network. The result of Hitler’s economic policy was more effective against unemployment than any other country. By lateRead MoreWhy Do We Study the Holocaust? Essay685 Words   |  3 Pagesof reasons to study the Holocaust. Not only does it benefit the students by opening their eyes to the atrocities committed by the N azi Party in the 1930s and 1940s, but it also benefits the many people who dont know about the Holocaust and havent learned enough to understand the terror faced by the undesirables and how far we, as the human race, must go to ensure that this does not happen again. First, however, we must learn how it all took place. As a young child, Adolf Hitler was treated poorlyRead MoreWhy Is The Killing Of A Million A Lesser Crime?1440 Words   |  6 PagesGenocide Essay â€Å"Why is the killing of a million a lesser crime than the killing of an individual?† -Raphael Lemkin referring to genocides. Genocides are organized exterminations committed with intent to destroy a whole group based on religion, ethnicity, and race. The Holocaust, the Armenian genocide, Darfur, and the Rwanda genocide were all terrible events in history, but why did they occur? The form of genocide had existed since the perception of superiority and inferiority was known. AsRead MoreAdolf Hitler and the Holocaust Essay611 Words   |  3 Pagesmight ask the question, Why? Why would someone like Hitler murder millions of people in an act of mass genocide? I personally think that no one truly knows the answer to that question I do however, however know why we would study something like the Holocaust, and likewise WWII. In order to explain it sufficiently I think that one must start with the story of Adolf Hitler. In 1889, on April 20th Adolf Hitler was born. As a young Austrian boy, Hitler wanted to be an artistRead MoreWe remember and learn about the Holocaust for many reasons. It forces us to reflect on one of the1000 Words   |  4 PagesWe remember and learn about the Holocaust for many reasons. It forces us to reflect on one of the most severe parts of the worlds history. Hitler rose to power by working within the government. This made it extremely hard for Germans to go against Hitlers ways. His primary targets were the Jews but, by creating a detailed list of undesirables Hitler showed discrimination towards more than group of people. The Nazis began to expand on their territory in 1938. Jewish people were soon called to registerRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1599 Words   |  7 PagesHorror struck on January 30, 1933 when Germany assigned Adolf Hitler as their chancellor. Once Hitler had finally reached power he set out to complete one goal, create a Greater Germany free from the Jews (â€Å"The reasons for the Holocaust,† 2009). This tragedy i s known today as, â€Å"The Holocaust,† that explains the terrors of our histories past. The face of the Holocaust, master of death, and leader of Germany; Adolf Hitler the most deceitful, powerful, well spoken, and intelligent person that actedRead Moreâ€Å"Arbeit Macht Frei†(Work Will Set You Free) replayed in many of the Holocaust victims minds as they1400 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Holocaust victims minds as they saw it posted on the fence of the death camps they entered. The biggest camp was known as Auschwitz. People still wonder at this point today as to why the Germans did not help when they saw the surrounding people being captured. Catch this though! How do we know the Germans were even aware of the massacre that transpired? Who was Hitler and the SS and could we have stopped them? Could the Germans have stopped it? What would be different? Lastly, Could we, theRead MoreWorld War II and The Holocaust Essay580 Words   |  3 PagesYou learn about War World II and the Holocaust in history every year, but do you really understand why? We often stop learning about the war after Peral Harbor because that is when the U.S. got involved. But there is more to War World II than just Pearl Harbor. The Holocaust all started with a man named Adolf Hitler. Reserach shows that Adolf had a bad childhood. As most boys he wanted to make his father proud, but when he applied for art school his father was not pleased. Even knowing his fatherRead MoreWhy Did Hitler Start World War II? Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesMicahla Livesay HST 200 Rees What Made Hitler Who He Was; a Look into His Mind One of the most common asked questions through history is: Why? Why did settlers decide to take people and turn them into slaves? Why was war created? Why do people discriminate against each other? Why did Adolf Hitler start the Holocaust? As of the 21st century, we have the knowledge as to why Hitler decided to start World War II, therefore creating the Holocaust. However, we only understand the historical side of thingsRead MoreEssay about Adolf Hitler: The Invasion of Poland575 Words   |  3 PagesOn September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland to start the biggest war all mankind has ever seen. A man named Adolf Hitler led a group called the Nazis. He convinced those men that Jewish people had ruined the world and caused Germanys downfall after World War One. They were also against people like gypsies, criminals, or anyone they thought were undesirable. Soon after the Germans started, Japan and Italy joined to help their cause. As the war went on the Nazi party grew bigger and st ronger and

To What Extent Human Agency Is Socially And Biologically...

Introduction Throughout the three novels â€Å"The Art of Being†, â€Å"On Being Authentic†, and â€Å"When I am Playing with My Cat, How Do I Know That She Is Not Playing with Me?† each of the authors touch on many different aspects of philosophical thinking. One aspect that is touched on is the great debate between determinism and free will. This essay will analyze to what extent human agency is socially and biologically conditioned. Human action is wholly determined by heredity and environment therefore we do not have complete control or free will. We must first define free will and determinism to have a clear understanding of the two concepts. Free will is defined as the power of acting without the constraint of necessity or fate; the ability to act at one s own discretion. Determinism is defined as the doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will. Justify Position We as humans come into this world as a blank slate with only biological and genetic influences to our being. Over years and years we are shaped by our environment and the people around us. Guignon says that â€Å"we experience the world through a ‘We’ before we experience it through an ‘I’†¦we generally come to have a better knowledge of who we are through our social interactions than we do through introspection or self-reflection† (Guignon, p. 121). Guignon means that our â€Å"self† is a mass collection of all of our experiences rolled into one instead of us being ourShow MoreRelatedS New Zealand/Aotearoa a Classless Society?4186 Words   |  17 PagesIntroduction to Sociology and Community Development CSTU 5110-2167 Lecturer: Dr Denys Delany ESSAY IS NEW ZEALAND/AOTEAROA A CLASSLESS SOCIETY? DISCUSS – IF SO WHAT DEFINES THIS STRUCTURE? – IF NOT WHAT IS THE MAIN BASIS OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN NEW ZEALAND/AOTEAROA? Due date: 13th April 2007 Student Name: Ali Rankin Student ID: 1282990 Email: (ali_rankin@hotmail.com) Address: 49 Alfriston Road, ManurewaRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pageseconomic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any particular national passport? What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs confront in establishing the economic determinants of corporateRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesparticularly regarding sustainable competitive advantage and resources, and corporate strategy, particularly regarding diversiï ¬ cation and internationalisation. There are also issues of ownership and organisation. In the end, the fundamental question is: what future for the Ministry? ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  In 1991, 28-year-old James Palumbo invested  £225,000 (≈a340,000) of his own capital into a new dance club located in an old South London bus depot. As an old Etonian (the UK’s most elitist private school), a graduateRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 Pagesothers, and his need to gain better control over his tormented mind. Despite his best efforts, Mike was paralyzed by the relentless onslaught of his unforgiving mind. Anxiety, and the more basic emotion of fear, is a universal human experience that plays a central role in human adaptation and survival. The basic function of fear is to signal a threat or impending danger (Barlow, 2002). The feeling of anxiousness associated with making a speech before 3 4 THE NATURE OF OCD a large audience

Negotiation Celebrity Endorsement Contract

Question: Discuss about the Negotiationfor Celebrity Endorsement Contract. Answer: Pre-Negotiation My Clients BATNA and Reservation Value My client has set the bar too low that can make it difficult for negotiation. However, my reservation value is better than the celebrity. For example, the BATNA offered by the company is $25 million. This is a good offer because the celebrity involved has an exceptional brand and commands a significant following from the public. Based on this BATNA, the celebrity who will not be able to accept this amount would be refused. However, my client has also considered the reservation value at $20 million annually. According to Ellis (2011), by setting a reservation cost price, the company must have examined the premium to the offered BATNA because of the diversity in the fields. Indeed, the ticket value is the worst or least fair deal regarding the price. It is nearly the walkway point or bottom line. Celebritys BATNA and Reservation Value At the prenegotiation stage, it is important to consider different factors to avoid future misunderstanding and conflicts regarding the contract. The most important factor to look for in a celebrity is the experience. In fact, experience in negotiating contracts makes the problem half-solved. As a representative of the company at the negotiation table, translating the talks into working and the binding document is necessary (Ellis 2011). With the Turnkey approach, nothing will be left out of the legal document. As such, it will save the time used in the negotiation. Given the significant of the celebrity endorsement on the brand, the party should rush into the process. In this process, the broker or the lead negotiation team from the company will be acting as an agent (Kandell 2013). In any negotiation involving officials, the deal must go through. The BATNA of the other is that the cost of the endorsement should be as high as $50 million annually. The lowest BATNA needs to be $30 mi llion in the same period. A typical celebrity broker will charge about 10-15 percent of the payments. To this effect, the agent would try to maximize the extremely high end. Based on this figure, the broker will earn about $300,000-500,000 for successfully breaking the impasse. The Brokers of the celebrity also have relevant experience to conclude the celebrity endorsement deals efficiently (Kandell 2013). With the assistance of the legal teams trained in the negotiation, they try to protect the interest of the clients. The lawyers are liable and answerable to their client their failure to advise the clients legally can break the relationships. Based on this position or the BATNA of the customer, the reservation value stood at $300,000 The ZOPA Range and the Strategy for Claiming the Greater Proportion of the ZOPA The ZOPA range is critical in defining the terms of engagement in the celebrity endorsement negotiation. It is either the value lower than the reservation value or higher than the BATNA. The most important factors in the process could focus on the domain name, social media, e-commerce, the Internet, promotions, advertising, marketing, privacy matters, copyright, and trademark (Ellis 2011). As an active negotiator, I have the zeal to represent my client in the issues revolving around promotion and protection of the partys intellectual property online. Without a doubt, the brick-and-mortar market requires the capacity to utilize the counsel and create respect in addressing the client-specific strategies thus protecting the copyrights and trademarks as well as the intellectual property rights. Indisputably, it stands out that the best deal will focus on protecting the interest of the parties. Although in a negotiation, the possibility of a win-lose situation is a mischief, win-win for a ll makes great sense in the celebrity endorsement. The payoff can be higher than the investment, but the reality is that the long-term goal must remain in sight. Conversely, reservation price can make a positive change because it rarely assumes the knowledge and power of the negotiators. For the company to gain big, it must play hard to get so that the celebrity can also realize that the negotiation is beneficial for both parties. In fact, both the celebrity and the company have strong brand images that can create results. Therefore, the best strategy for the company to scoop the highest proportion in the negotiation is by investing in marketing and quality. To advocate for these factors, it would be possible for the firm to increase its earnings. Negotiation Entering Negotiations with their Counterpart for the Endorsement Contract The endorsement contract negotiation is tough because every throws barbs at everything and anything. Given the situation at hand, I would articulate the interest of my client based on the BATNA and reservation value. In entering these negotiations, the toughness of the position taken can be unmanageable. At the negotiation, together with the counterpart, it is possible to assess the BATNA. This has, to begin with listing the alternatives, evaluating them, establishing the BATNA, and calculating the reservation value. Since I have identified my partner, calculating the BATNA will be easy. I will have to calculate the ticket value that I can accept. If the proposal of the counterpart is lower than my reservation value, it would be prudent to reject it and pursue the BATNA. Before I obtained the BATNA, I had to seek relevant information from the counsel. As such, I found it easy to estimate ligation costs and the likely of winning any litigation. Upon determining the possibility of winning a litigation, it is possible to calculate the actual value to make the BATNA. At some point, the negotiation has hit a snag or impasses. Nevertheless, I boast of various outside option. Therefore, evaluating the BATNA would be the best alternative to facilitate the negotiation. Since I understand the position of my client, I will have to translate the BATNA to the current deal. For instance, my counterpart knows that a celebrity without a brand name can never perform without partnering with companies. Therefore, my business offers the celebrity an opportunity to earn more profits as the markets my product. As an implication, upon exchanging notes and position of each party, both parties took the time to translate the process explicitly. It ensured any aspects of giving up is out of the equation. Therefore, using the market checks and comparing them with other contracts, both parties struck an acceptable deal of $25 million annually. Communications Log The negotiation was set to take two months (60 days) so that both sides could come to an agreement. This timeframe is the maximum extendable duration for both parties to agree and consult. Given the experience in negotiation, the best way to overcome the ZOPA is by resorting to aspirational target thus avoids the cognitive bias as explained by Harvard Law School (n.d). For instance, I had to maintain the reservation value during the negotiation. However, when the deal is better than the BATNA, it is prudent to think about before entering it blindly. This is the secret of becoming a successful negotiator. For instance, good deals are unsustainable thus making a promise that will kill the business is unethical. Therefore, the only way an organization will stick to the negotiation terms is based on the BATNA, Reservation value, and ZOPA principles. The negotiation outcome will see the celebrity offered $25 million in royalty while the company boosts its earnings. Post-negotiation Outcome of the Negotiation The celebrity endorsement is important for the company as it will help in building the brand quickly. This is because; they provide powerful endorsements that have taken advantage of the obsessions of consumers with some of the stars they idolize and follow. It critical to note that celebrity-driven campaigns have generated mixed results because some have failed while others have given an incredible effect (Orvis 2016). It rarely matters the name of the celebrity, the execution framework adopted by the company will be critical as it will allow the firm to exceed the objectives. It is worth noting that marketers have had trouble with celebrities, especially when the marketers are informed of what they needed to do or even skip celebrity marketing campaign. Based on the negotiation, it is essential for the company to create a method that can allow for a proper execution of the celebrity marketing campaign successfully. For example, the use of Burns Method is a perfect campaign tool to facilitate the marketing. With the celebrity marketing workshops, the brand marketers will access the tools required for them to lead and manage the marketing campaign confidently (Williams n.d). For the celebrity, an integrated agency team model is essential in maximizing the marketing campaign. Since the marketers and celebrity are professionals, they understood the negotiation thus fun the work. It is indisputable that consultation process puts the party in an awkward situation. Nevertheless, the Burn method ensured the parties identified the new celebrities thus determining the best celebrity campaign (Harvard Law School n.d). Therefore, the development from the negotiation was fruitful because it addressed all the concerns required in a celebrity endo rsement campaign. Nothing is as good as winning the contract and getting the signature of the celebrity. The company will permanently improve its revenue and reputation. Bibliography Ellis, C. (2011) Negotiation theory and practice, Blogspot, September, 22. (Available at https://negotiatewithchad.blogspot.co.ke/2011/09/how-does-your-reservation-value-relate.html) Harvard Law School. (n.d) BATNA basics: boost your power at the bargaining table, Management Report, (Available at https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/centers/cwf/individuals/pdf/BANTABasics.pdf) Kandell, E. F. (2013) Know your negotiation strategy, Disclosures, May/June. (Available at https://www.alternativeresolutions.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Negotiation%20VaCPAs%20MJ%202013%20final.pdf) Orvis, G. (2016) Forget celebrity endorsements: why retailers should engage microinfluencers, Shopify Blogs, September 15. (Available at https://www.shopify.com/retail/move-over-celebrities-why-micro-influencers-are-the-latest-force-in-influencer-marketing-for-retail) Williams, B. (n.d) Celebrity marketing workshop, The Brand Agent. (Available at https://celeb-brand-agent.com/celebrity-marketing-workshop/)

Issues Businesses Of These Three Companies â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Issues Businesses Of These Three Companies? Answer: Introduction All over the world, another popular synonym of Winding up is the process of liquidation of the companies as with the assistance of this process, business organizations use wind up all of their business processes (Uher et al., 2012). In this process, all the liabilities and rights of the companies are recognized and the companies wither settle all the dues of the creditors or they warrant the creditors with assets of the companies. Most of the companies operates as per ideas of the board of directors as the board of directors is the central part of the companys management (Scholleova, 2012). They have the ultimate power to take major business decisions in order to keep the interest of the companys stakeholders like shareholders, investors, customers and others. Effective decision-making process ensures the long run of the companies as it helps to develop effective business strategies. On the other hand, Corporate Governance ensures in the effective business operations of the companies as the effectiveness of the companies largely depends on various major aspects like principles, guidelines, code of conducts and others. It is considered as the major incapability of the companies in the field of corporate governance when they fail to comply with the corporate governance principles (Wang, 2012). This report is based on the liquidation or winding up of the businesses of three of the Australian major companies and they are ABC Learning, HIH insurance and One Tel Phone. The aim of this report is to focus on the specific reasons that led to the winding up of the businesses of these three companies. Overview of the Companies ABC Learning In their earlier years, ABC Learning was well known for one of the major companies in the education industry of Australia. ABC Learning was listed in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and the company had a market capitalization of AUD$ 2.5 billion. However, ABC Learning was confronted with major managerial issues after affecting with the subprime mortgage crisis, as the company was overwhelmed with the burden of debt repayment. It was the failure of the auditors of ABC Learning as they failed to conclude the financial reports of the company regarding previous years profit. ABC Learning was established in 1988 in Queensland. Since the commencement of their business operation, ABC Learning was majorly successful to establish more than nine hundred centers all over Australia and New Zealand by 2006. In the year 2006, ABC Learning announced the acquisition of United States second largest child care provider for the amount of $330 million along with the acquisition of United Kingdoms fi fth largest child care provider Busy Bee Group. All these acquisitions helped ABC Learning to expand their business in United States and United Kingdom with one percent market share (smh.com.au, 2017). One Tel Phone One Tel Phone was one of the major telecommunication companies of Australia. The company commenced its business operations in 1995 after the deregulations of the Australian telecommunication industry. At present, most of the Australian companies of telecommunication industry are under the external management of court appointed liquidator. The major focus of One Tel Phone was to fulfill the needs of the customers by delivering better quality of services and products. The major attempt of the company was to establish a youth oriented image with the help of selling mobile phones along with One Net internet services. Prior to the collapse, One Tel Phone became the fourth largest telecommunication company of Australia. The origin idea of the company was to start with the development of a simple mobile phone that all the customers can easily access and understand. The major focus of the company was on the residential people of Australia opposite to the commercial marketing. One Tel Phone w anted the whole group of customers of Australia to gain access on all the telephone products with the help of high marketing strategy (research-repository.griffith.edu.au, 2017). HIH Insurance HIH Insurance was one of the major insurance companies of Australia after the company commenced its business operations in the year 1997. In the year 1998, HIH Insurance made acquisition of many companies in Australia and all over the world. The company was listed in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in the year 1992 and in 1995 the company sold most of its stake to Switzerland based company and changed its name to HIH Insurance. This particular deal comprised of the operations of Colonial Limited General Insurance in Australia and New Zealand. As per the estimation of the liquidators, the total loss amount of HIH Insurance was $5.3 billion. As a part of the investigation on HIH Insurance, large number of members of the companys management within the organization were convicted and imprisoned based on various fraud cases. The collapse of HIH Insurance is considered as the largest corporate collapse in Australia history (hih.com.au, 2017). Reasons for Winding up and Corporate Governance Failure ABC Learning The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of ABC Learning are stated below: In the second half of the year 2007, ABC Learning suffered an unexpected huge fall in the profit by 42% worth $37.1 million along with a major debt of the organization worth $1.8 billion. All these aspects contributed to the fall of the share process of the company (crikey.com.au, 2017). As a result of the fall in share prices, the company registered a fall of 43% in the price of the shares of $2.15 with a low of $1.15. At the end of the financial year, ABC Learning ABC Learning had to sell all of their stakes worth $20 million and $6 million for an amount of $2.7 million. This process contributed to the suspension of all the trading activities of the company as the company failed to failed to release the companys reports of earning for the year 2007 to 2008. In spite of the selling of the assets of the company, ABC Learning had to fall into massive financial problems due to the massive increase in the dent of the company and the auditors of the company failed to conclude the accounts (smh.com.au, 2017). In case of the calculation of Goodwill and others, ABC Learning followed the wrong method of accounting. By only charging the impairment of $8.4 million, ABC Learning made the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets worth $2.4 billion. As a result of the adoption of wrong accounting method, the future cash flow of ABC Learning was found to be wrong and this aspects contributed to 42% loss of the company. This particular failure is considered as one of the major reasons for the collapse of ABC Learning One Tel Company The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of One Tel Phone are stated below: On a constant basis, One Tel Phone registered superior amount of profit and the company deferred the operating expenses for the period of three years. The accountant of the company adopted the accounting practices that were against the accounting standards and bookkeeping principles (wsws.org, 2017). The origin of One Tel Phones financial issues commenced in 2000 as the company registered a loss of $291 million. This contributed to the fall in share prices below $1. At the end of 2001 April, One Tel Phone lacked required funds for business and as a result, Rodney Adler, the director of the company sold 5 million shares of the company for $2.5 million. As per the administrative report, One Tel Phone became insolvent and stared to lay off their 1400 employees (abc.net.au, 2017). The liquidation process of One Tel Phone demanded the compensation of $92 million from the directors of the company as the directors of the company failed to exercise their powers regarding effective due care and diligence. One of the major reasons of the collapse of One Tel Phone is that the company started to charge one seventh from their customers by considering the fact that they would be able to recover that in near future. However, this did not happened. As a result of this, One Tel Phone lacked required cash for operations that led to the liquidation of the company. HIH Insurance The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of HIH Insurance are stated below: In the process of acquiring FAI Insurance, HIH Insurance invested huge amount of money that affected the insurance business of the company. As a result of this, HIH Insurance had to concede massive damage. The entering of HIH Insurance in the film industry was one of the major reasons behind the fall of HIH Insurance. The company had to concede a loss of more than $100 million over the years out of these move (aph.gov.au, 2017). HIH Insurance had to face major financial loss due to the natural disaster of Florida. As a result, the company had to take large amount debt that contributed to the collapse of HIH Insurance. The abrupt changes in the compensation policy of HIH Insurance were another major reason for the collapse of HIH Insurance that the company paid to the employees of California industry. The company had to face huge amount of loss for this. As per the liquidators, HIH Insurance lost over $800 million in a time span of six months. This was another major reason of the fall of HIH Insurance (smh.com.au, 2017). Ethical Issues ABC Learning In ABC Learning, one of the major reasons for the liquidation is the wrong adaptation of accounting policies that led to the various accounting fraudulent. It is evident that ABC Learning displayed wrong bookkeeping process. Another major ethical issue in the liquidation of ABC Learning was the rendering of services to their customers. The company was held responsible for providing the customers with improper rendering of services (Ford and Richardson, 2013). One Tel Company One Tel Phone violated many accounting rules and practices. As a result of this, One Tel Phone violated the principles of ethical code of conduct and compliances. Regarding the business operations, the management of One Tel Phone failed I monitoring the financial performance of the company and they ignored the important areas of investment that contained high risk (Wang and Hsieh, 2013). Another major ethical reason for the liquidation of One Tel Phone was the failure of companys director in the adoption of strong pricing strategy. As a result of this, One Tel Phone has to concede loss of income and other financial problems. It can be said that the directors of One Tel Phone failed to act ethically in discharging the business obligations. HIH Insurance Without obtaining the approval from Board of Directors, HIH Insurance acquired the business of FAI Insurance. This aspect shows the poor corporate governance of the company. Another major ethical issue in HIH Insurance is that the company did not pay adequate attention to carry the business operations as per the due diligence. Constant changes in managerial position were another issue (Slade and Prinsloo, 2013). It was charge on Mr. William that he was responsible for improper management as he was accused for material misstatement and to overstate the organizational profit for the year 1998 to 1999. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be seen that poor corporate governance and ineffective identification of the financial risk factors were major reasons for the liquidation of these companies. In addition, the failure of these companies to adopt the fair financial practices is another major reason for the winding up of the businesses of these three companies. Apart from all these issues, the presence of some major ethical issues can also be noticed in the wading up of these companies. Thus, it can be concluded that both financial and ethical issues are there behind the liquidation of ABC Learning, HIH Insurance and One Tel Phone. Recommendations Based on the above discussion, some recommendations are provided below: It is recommended to the business organizations to they should implement effective corporate governance strategy in order to find the business risks. It is recommended to the business organizations that they should adopt true and fair accounting policies in order to carry on the accounting and financial operations. References ABC News. (2017).OneTel...one big debacle. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-11-20/28324 [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Aph.gov.au. (2017).HIH Insurance Group collapse Parliament of Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/hihinsurance [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Cook, T. (2017).Collapse of Australia's fourth largest telco adds to growing list of corporate failures. [online] Wsws.org. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/06/onte-j08.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Crikey.com.au, 2017.ABC learning collapse is a policy failure. [online] Crikey. Available at: https://www.crikey.com.au/2008/11/07/abc-learning-collapse-is-a-policy-failure/ [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. HIH Insurance, 2017.HIH Insurance. [online] Hih.com.au. Available at: https://www.hih.com.au/ [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Kruger, C., 2017.Lessons to be learnt from ABC Learning's collapse. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/lessons-to-be-learnt-from-abc-learnings-collapse-20090101-78f8.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Kruger, C., 2017.Numbers finally start to add up as operators go back to basics. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/numbers-finally-start-to-add-up-as-operators-go-back-to-basics-20110121-19zy6.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Scholleova, H., 2012. The Economic Crisis and Working Capital Management of Companies.Theoretical and Applied Economics,4(4), p.79. Slade, S. and Prinsloo, P., 2013. Learning analytics: Ethical issues and dilemmas.American Behavioral Scientist,57(10), pp.1510-1529. Smh.com.au. (2017).HIH : The Inside Story Of Australia's Biggest Corporate Collapse - smh.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/03/14/1047583693489.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. The One.Tel Collapse, 2017.The One.Tel Collapse: Lessons for Corporate Governance. [online] research-repository.griffith.edu.au. Available at: https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/bitstream/handle/10072/42673/74746_1.pdf [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Uher, M., Nagy, C.M., Cotlet, B. and Cotlet, D., 2012. Merger of Commercial Companies in the Conditions of the Financial Crisis.Anale. Seria Stiinte Economice. Timisoara,18, p.417. Wang, C.A., 2012. Determinants of the choice of formal bankruptcy procedure: An international comparison of reorganization and liquidation.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,48(2), pp.4-28. Wang, Y.D. and Hsieh, H.H., 2013. Organizational ethical climate, perceived organizational support, and employee silence: A cross-level investigation.Human Relations,66(6), pp.783-802.

McDonald V Santa Fe Trail Transportation

Table of Contents The Central Legal Issue The pertinent Facts Discussion Decisions made by the courts Case Questions The HRM Implications for future Reference List The Central Legal Issue The question in this case is whether Title VII of the Civil Rights of 1964 prohibits racial discrimination of employees in private organizations against whites plus nonwhites.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on McDonald V Santa Fe Trail Transportation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The pertinent Facts The pertinent issues in this case include discrimination against white employees which is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights of 1964. The case is also based on the white employees, McDonald’s and Laird’s, participation in criminal activities, which in this case, is the theft of cargo meant for Santa Fe’s customers. Another pertinent issue is based on whether the case should be considered as a joint misconduct of the three employees or in terms of their individual participation in the criminal activity. Finally, it is also based on whether the participation of the white employees in the misappropriation of the cargo rendered them more unqualified for employment as compared to the black employee, Jackson White’s involvement in the same. Discussion The two white employees, McDonald and Laird, allege that they were discharged by their employer because of their race. On the contrary the employer argues that their dismissal was based on their involvement in a serious criminal offense which was against the company’s code of ethics. However, the most important factor in this case is whether the right procedure was followed to determine whether they were guilty of the offense or not, and whether their participation in the criminal act made them more qualified for dismissal by their employer than the Jackson White or not. It is possible that the district court might have o nly considered McDonald’s and Laird’s participation in a deliberate, unlawful activity, and not whether the employer used the conduct of his former employees to commit discrimination which is prohibited by Title VII. The argument in this case is why the white employees were discharged for their alleged involvement in criminal activity, while their accomplice was retained by their employer.Advertising Looking for essay on consumer law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The petitioners in this case, McDonald and Laird, argue that a fellow employee who was also implicated in the same criminal offense was not equally punished, which according to them was because of his skin color, and therefore the employer discriminated against them because they are white. The pro of this argument is that it implies that Santa Fe found it logical to retain Jackson White because of his color, but reasonable to discharge McDonald and La ird for the same. It proves that the three employees were not judged on joint misconduct. This is against the provisions of Title VII. However, this argument overlooks each of the three employee’s personal involvement in the misappropriation of the cargo. The option available for this case is to reinvestigate deliberate and unlawful personal participation by each of the three employees in the misappropriation of the cargo. The results of the investigation are then used to prove or dismiss the employer’s stated reasons for the actions taken (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2004). Although this can be used to validate the truth in the arguments presented by both sides, it can not be used to compel the employer to reinstate the McDonald and Laird. Again, there is the option of passing judgment to dismiss all the guilty employees. This may help eliminate perceptions of racial discrimination; however, justice will not have been served in case Jackson White’s participatio n in the criminal activity was not deliberate. Decisions made by the courts The District Court had ruled in favor of the employer, stating that the claims brought forward by McDonald and Laird was not in accordance with the provisions of Title VII. The District Court therefore affirmed that their dismissal was based on their commission of the criminal activity. The Court of Appeal ruled that the District Court hard erred in rejecting McDonald’s and Laird’s Title VII claims against their employer. The court therefore reversed and remanded the ruling of the District Court, and ordered the District Court to reinstitute an inquiry into the claims brought forward by both parties. This judgment was made after finding that the District Court’s ruling was not consistent with interpretations of Title VII as regards to provisions on racial discrimination of employees in private organizations in relation to the claims brought forward by the petitioners.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on McDonald V Santa Fe Trail Transportation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Case Questions The District Court’s ruling is not consistent with Title VII. The ruling was held based on the two employees’ participation in a criminal activity while ignoring the possibility of racial discrimination. I fully agree with the employer’s isolate case argument. The employer considered level of personal involvement, as well as, deliberate participation in the misappropriation of the cargo. This case does not relate to affirmative action, but reveals instances where an employer may selectively discipline an employee regardless of his or her race as a result of misconduct. The HRM Implications for future This case implies that an employer should institute proper investigations to prove an employee’s allegations of misconduct or participation in a criminal activity. The actions taken aft er the investigation should be in line with the provisions of labor laws or Title VII, for employers within the United States of America. Reference List Bennett-Alexander, D. D Hartman, L. P. (2004). Employment law for business, 6th Ed. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill This essay on McDonald V Santa Fe Trail Transportation was written and submitted by user Silas Richards to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Its Cool Cause They Say So essays

It's Cool Cause They Say So essays Advertisements are seen everywhere using all different kinds of approaches. They sometimes use direct forms such as flyers, billboards, cars, commercials, and even t-shirts; however, more recently, indirect advertisement-that is, unintended advertising is increasing in popularity. Indirect advertising is common in music, specifically African-American music. Although traditionally African American music has been mostly in ballad form had mostly been love ballads, a new genre of music has risen in the form of rap. Since its birth in the mid 1980s, rap has slowly become extremely popular and has developed into a highly influential force. Rappers have the uncanny ability to shape public thought. African American creativity in the media of music is so powerful that it can dictate what becomes popular. Their indirect advertising creativity is obvious through their songs which are complimented by their videos. Popular rappers unintentionally advertise products in their songs, but be cause of their influence, the advertisement is successful despite the cost of the products that they represent. Pass the Courvoisier. Everybody sing it now. Pass the Courvoisierso goes the chorus of the song by Busta Rhymes and P. Diddy. The song was originally written as a club song. However, the song has proven to increase the sales of the liquor by 4.5 percent in the first quarter of this year and into double digits in recent months (Holloway 1). Hip-hop is in fact that popular. Busta Rhymes and P.Diddy are major contributors to the genre of rap and they are so big now that everything they touch becomes popular and sells (Holloway 2). The fact that Busta and P.Diddy can create a song about a particular liquor and unwittingly boosts the sales of the liquor is a reflection of their influence over the minds of their listeners. Recently, Cadillac has been beneficiary of free publicity from rap also. A...

American Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

American Constitution - Essay Example It would be erroneous, however, to describe the frame of government, signed by Washington and his fellow-delegates at Philadelphia, as their invention. It is not so much a creation of political theorists as a codification by practical statesmen of doctrines which experience showed had worked well, or were needed for the well-working of government in their country. Moreover, it did not fully satisfy any of its framers, and the discussion connected with its adoption disclosed a strong popular feeling that it ought to be supplemented by a formal bill of rights. Accordingly, various amendments were prepared and ten of these were ratified within two years after the original Constitution went into effect. All of these were suggested by political experience during the revolutionary and colonial periods, while some trace their origin back through English history to Magna Charta. T is clear that the Convention which drafted our Constitution did not originate with political agitators whose heads were filled with new schemes of government. It resulted from the popular conviction that the existing federal system was a failure, a conviction which was voiced by Patrick Henry 1 and other champions of state sovereignty, as well as by those who "thought continentally." How slowly this conviction matured is shown in the stages by which public opinion advanced towards the goal of the Convention. (Taylor 1998 67) The Background of the Constitutional Convention As early as 1643 the colonies of Massachusetts, New Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven drew up "Articles of Confederation of the United Colonies of New England," driven thereto by the dangers which threatened them from the hostile Indians, and from the Dutch at New Amsterdam and Fort Orange ( New York and Albany). The purpose of this confederation was principally that of mutual defence, and matters of internal affairs were expressly left to the several colonies, but nevertheless the commissioners were directed to "endeavoured to frame and establish agreements and orders in general cases of a civil nature wherein all the plant cons are interested for preserving peace among themselves, and preventing as much as may bee all occasions of war or difference with others." (Tucker, 1997 74) Provision was also made for the return by each colony to the authorities of the others of runaway servants and escaped criminals. Control of the affairs of the confederation was put into the hands of eight commissioners, two from each colony, and in most matters action could be taken by the concurrence of six commissioners. 2 The confederation functioned actively until the conquest of New Netherlands in 1664, and there were occasional meetings of the commissioners for twenty years more, when the organization finally fell apart. In 1684 representatives of Massachusetts, New York, Maryland, and Virginia met at Albany to provide for measures of defence against the Five Nations, and ten years later representatives from Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey met at the same place to frame a treaty with the same Indian tribes. While in 1721 there was a gathering of New England governors

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5 questions about China law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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The Portrait Of ED Students Pronunciation Education Essay

The Portrait Of ED Students Pronunciation Education Essay Introduction This chapter reveals the background of study, problem statement, purpose of the study and the benefit of the study. The explanations of these parts are presented below; Pronunciation is one of the most important things that students have to master in order to communicate appropriately and fluently. According to Fangzhi (1998:39), that it is important to pay attention to pronunciation since it results in whether or not someones message can be passed or not by other people. More over, Gilbert (cited in Otlowsky, 2004:3) stated that if someone cannot hear English well, she or he is cut off from the language. And if someone cannot be understood easily, she or he is cut off from conversation with native speakers. We can conclude from the statements above that pronunciation gives a significant effect to the meaning of what someone says. However, almost all English teachers make little attempt to teach pronunciation in any overt way and only give attention to it in passing. In ideal condition, students in ED seem to have good pronunciation because they are taught by using English as their language. As cited in Buku Pedoman Akademik FBS 2005/2006, students in English Department are expected to be able to speak and write English correctly. But in fact, based on the observation and informal talks both with lectures and students done by the researcher, students still have bad pronunciation. For example, it is hard to find MC with good pronunciation in ED. Many students speak incorrectly when they are in their thesis examination and so on. Considering this situation, the researcher is interested in conducting this study to find out ED students pronunciation portrait and its implication to the teaching and learning of English. 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS Based on the background of the study above, the research questions are divided into two, they are: Major questions: 1.) What is the portrait of ED students pronunciation? 2.) What is the implication of students pronunciation portrait towards the teaching and learning of English? Minor questions: How do ED students learn pronunciation? Does the students mother tongue affect students pronunciation? What are general mistakes that students often make? What are the causes contribute to the mistakes of the students pronunciation? Is students pronunciation influenced by American English or British English? 1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purposes of the study based on the research questions above are divided into: 1. Major purposes: The major purposes are 1.) to describe the portrait of ED students pronunciation, 2.) to find out the implication of students pronunciation portrait towards the teaching and learning of English; 2. Minor purposes: The minor purposes are 1.) to investigate the way ED students learn pronunciation, 2.) to analyze whether the students mother tongue affect students pronunciation or not, 3.) to figure out the mistakes that students often make in producing sounds, 4.) to investigate the causes that contribute to the students pronunciation mistakes , and 5.) to analyze whether students pronunciation is influenced by American English or British. 1.4 BENEFIT OF THE STUDY The results of the study are hoped to give an input for the institution, to enrich the research in pronunciation field. And it can help ED students who are interested in conducting the related research. 1.5 PREVIOUSLY RELATED STUDY The previously related study was done by Ros Dwi Wahyuni whose thesis title was The Pronunciation of Second Grade Students of SMU 77 in 2005. She conducted her study using a case study as her approach, thus the results of her study can not be generalized for the entire population. The data were gathered by using interviews and pronunciation test from December 2004 until January 2005 and processed using rank order correlation formula. The results of her study showed that most participants were intelligible in recognizing the words in their speech and the participants also had positive attitude towards pronunciation and the teaching of pronunciation. CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter consists of the definition of pronunciation, related issues on TEFL and pronunciation, background of teaching pronunciation, principles for pronunciation teaching, the areas of English pronunciation, pronunciation teaching, and factors affecting students pronunciation. 2.1 Definition of pronunciation Pronunciation is the most important thing that we have to master. Otherwise, people cannot receive the message we say. According to Penny Ur (2001), Jack C. Richard (2002), Pronunciation is the sound of the language, or phonology; stress and rhythm; and intonation and includes the role of individual sounds and segmental and supra segmental sounds. Moreover, Otlowski (2004:1) stated that Pronunciation is a way that is accepted or generally understood. From those statements above, we can conclude that pronunciation is the way of someone produces segmental and supra segmental sound that is accepted or generally understood. 2.2 Related Issues on TEFL and Pronunciation There are several problems that related to pronunciation and TEFL, such as; in ED there is no subject that focuses on pronunciation. Indeed, there are some simple and enjoyable exercises to practice pronunciation. According to Jenkins (2007) mentioned on her article, Global English and Teaching Pronunciation, that an implication global English for pronunciation teaching that is students should be given plenty of exposure in their pronunciation classrooms to other non-native accents of English so that they can understand then easily even if a speaker has not yet managed to acquire the core features. For EIL, this is more important than having classroom exposure to native speaker accents. It means that students should have non-native accents of English in order to help them understand what the speaker means even though he or she can not get the RP pronunciation. Moreover, Griffiths (2007), Integrating Pronunciation into Classroom Activities, found that addressing issues (pronunciation) regularly during the language feedback or group correction stage of lesson helps to focus learners attention on its importance and lead to more positive experiences. He also described that pronunciation work can be kept simple and employ exercises which are both accessible and enjoyable for students, whatever their level is. Whenever students do a freer speaking activity, the main aim is usually at developing their spoken fluency in the language. However, the activity also serves to work on students accuracy through the feedback we give them on their use of language. It means that lecturers should give the feedback on students pronunciation regularly so that students will have positive attitude towards the pronunciation. Based on those statements above, Okita (2007), Teaching Pronunciation, concluded the activities that can be passed in teaching pronunciation are: 1.) explaining Daniel Jones phonemic symbols, using a chart of English vowels and consonants; 2.) using minimal pair exercises; 3.)getting learners to memorize pronunciation patterns to predict on which vowel the primary stress is placed in a word, and; 4.)distinguishing the differences in the sounds of a vowel or consonant in a given word. 2.3 Background to the teaching of pronunciation There are three main orientations proposed by Nunan (2003, p.112-113) in pronunciation teaching: Listen carefully and repeat what I say (1940s-1950s). In this orientation, the activities are students are to repeat the words said by their teacher for several times. The problem that can be raised in this orientation is that students differ in how effectively they are able to really listen to and discern the sound system of anew language; Lets analyze these sounds closely to figure out how to pronounce them clearly (1960s-19701s). The teacher compares features of the sound system of English with features of their native languages. It is done in order to get students accustomed to International Phonetic Alphabet; lets start using these sounds in activities as soon as we can while I provide cues and feedback on how well youre doing (1980s and beyond). The teacher gives chances to the students to use the sounds which they are right in producing. 2.4 Principles for Teaching Pronunciation In the teaching of pronunciation, there are five principles, according to Nunan (2003, p. 115-117) , which are: stated five principles of pronunciation teaching, they are: Foster intelligibility during spontaneous speech. Teachers need to keep fostering the students intelligibility to get them concentrate to pronounce words while they are doing the spontaneous speech. Keep affective considerations firmly in mind. Teachers need to give affective support to their students in order not to make them have feared to develop new pronunciation habits. Avoid the teaching of individual sounds in isolation. Giving students chances to communicate meaningfully with their friends are more interesting, enjoyable, and memorable activities. If the teachers provide such activities, in the long run, have more impact on improving students speech intelligibility. Provide feedback on learner progress. Teachers should support students efforts, guide them, provide cues for their enhancement. Unless, students would unaware where they need to place their energies. Realize that ultimately it is the learner who is in control of changes in pronunciation. According to Morley (1994, p.89), teacher is only as a language coach who supplies information; gives models from time to time; sets high stands; provides a wide variety of practice opportunities; and encourages the learner. 2.5 The Areas of English Pronunciation The areas of English pronunciation are categorized into two, they are: segmental (e.g. English consonant and vowel sounds) and supra segmental (e.g. stress, linking, weak forms, intonation), Rajadurai (2001: 25). Parker adds (2000: 25) rhythm, reduction, and deletion are included as supra segmental features. The controversial issues about which areas of pronunciation are important to be taught came arise. According to Rajadurai (2001:13) teaching supra segmental is less valued than the teaching of segmental areas. However, Harmer (2002:183) disagrees with what Rajadurai stated. He claims that overt teaching of supra segmental areas particularly gives improved comprehension and intelligibly. Wahba (1998: 32-33) supported this statement, he claimed that that if learners are aware that there is a stress pattern in English words, and the pitch of the voice can convey the meaning, they will know what to pay attention to and can build basic awareness. In conclusion, both of segmental and supra segmental areas of teaching give significant effect in affecting students pronunciation. 2.6 Pronunciation Teaching Pronunciation teaching is important to ED students, but in fact there is no lesson which focuses on pronunciation. Indeed, pronunciation can increase the quality of students speaking as Harmer stated (2001:183) that pronunciation teaching not only makes students aware of different sound and sound features (and what these mean), but also improve their speaking immeasurably. In order to teach pronunciation, here are the three kinds of pronunciation practices which are most widely used by English teacher to help students improve their pronunciation: Minimal pair drills. This is a pair of utterance-usually short- which differs in meaning, but which are exactly alike in sound except in one point. The students are to pronounce pairs of words which differ in pronunciation only in one respect, such as bid/bId/; big/bIg, and sound/saund/; round/raund; (Deterding and Pudjosoedarmo 1998:77) A series of isolated sentences. These have concentration of the sound to be practiced, but they are not sentences frequently used in everyday conversation, Fangzhi (1998:38). For example: ai: Mike tried five times to get the prize Five times five is twenty-five Tongue twisters. Playing with words is particularly useful for the students who have unique pronunciation problems. Ball (2003:8) gives examples of tongue twisters: She sells seashells on the seashore; Red lorry yellow lorry; If a dog chews shoes, whose shoes does he choose? They think that it is Thursdays the thirtieth; Fangzhi (1998:38) concluded that the practices above are good for introducing English sound to beginners and also good for building a strong basic pronunciation. These pronunciation practices might be succeeded in helping students to improve pronunciation but not in sequence. Students who are trained in these ways tend to make more pronunciation errors when speaking spontaneously. Not only that, Celce Murcia, et.al. (1996:2) introduced two approaches that can be applied in helping students pronunciation improvement, they are: An intuitive-imitative approach. It talks about the students ability to listen to and imitate sounds of a target language. He or she also can make imitate the pronunciation of other people in television, radio, songs, and so forth; An analytic-linguistic approach. It recognizes the importance of intervention of pronunciation in language acquisition. Using this approach, teacher is to identify students problem in pronouncing the foreign language by providing pedagogical aids; Beside that, Nunan (2003) also gave us teaching strategies to teach pronunciation that consists of: Openness to change. Teacher ask learner to discuss problem areas that are faced. It is important to build learners self-confidence and attend their emotional needs as a non-native speaker; Contextualized minimal pairs. Teaching pronunciation by distinguishing between specifically targeted sounds, stress patterns, or intonation patterns through the use of minimal pairs; Gadgets and props. Learners are to analyze the words on their own, and to practice saying words by using their tools in coordination with their pronunciation stress syllables. Slow motion speaking (SMS). SMS allows learners to view close up, and to imitate, the teachers way of producing specific sounds in context; Tracking. Languages learner are not being asked to repeat after the recorded voice, but to try to say the words presented in the transcript concurrent with the voices they are listening to. Techniques from drama and theater arts. Popular plays and screenplays can be interesting sources of pronunciation work; Pronunciation teaching is not as easy as the stated statements above, it has obstacles too. Because of that, Otlowsky suggested: pronunciation should be integrated into other subjects orienting to communicative competence than linguistic skill especially in segmental and supra segmental phoneme ,Morley (1991, p.481-520); listening comprehension and pronunciation have close relationship ,Gilbert (1984, p.1) and Nooteboom (1983, p.183-194) stated that there is a strong impact of speech perception to speech production; the best technique should involve teachers and students as speech trainer or trainer, Morley (1991, p.507); intelligible pronunciation is seen as essential component of communicative competence, Morley (1991, p.513); 2.7 Factors Affecting Students Pronunciation Sometimes we, as the non-native speaker, made mistakes in pronouncing words. It is because the several things, such as the differences in pronunciation area so that we are not accustomed to produce the sounds. As stated by Ur (2001, p.52) that some causes affect pronunciation mistakes: 1.) substitute second language with first language sound because there is no in first language; 2.) create wrong perception on second language sounds because the sound is an allophone in first language; 3.)use a stress pattern and first language intonation when pronouncing second language in order to create a strange accent; CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter reveals the methodology used by the researcher, including research design consists of time, place, and the subjects of the study; data collection process; and data analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN Since the study focuses on describing the portrait of ED students pronunciation and analyzing the implication of students pronunciation towards the teaching and learning of English, the method will be used in this study is descriptive analytical interpretive. This research does not make any intervention and judgment. It only describes the portrait of ED students pronunciation and analyzes its implication towards the teaching and learning of English. This study also describes how ED students learn their pronunciation and whether their mother tongue affects their pronunciation or not. This study applies two methods of data collection that are by recording the test of English phoneme and doing the interview. The test of English phoneme consists of the list of words; those are vowels, diphthongs, trip thongs, consonants, consonant clusters, stress, and intonation. The interview is designed to get more specific information to answer the research questions. Both data collected by means of test of English phoneme and interview will be analyzed with descriptive analysis interpretive. Descriptive analytical interpretive The study used a descriptive analytical interpretive method. Yin cited in Tunisa (2008) and Ardi (2009) mentioned that descriptive cases require that the writer begins with a descriptive theory, or face the possibility that problems will occur during the project. Surakhmad (1990:140) stated two features of descriptive study: Memusatkan diri pada pemecahan masalah-masalah yang ada pada masa sekarang, pada masalah-masalah aktual Data yang dikumpulkan mula-mula disusun, dijelaskan dan kemudian dianalisa (karenaitu metode in sering pula disebut metode analitik. Surakhmad (1990:140) It can be concluded that to implement descriptive study, the study has to (1) focus on solving the past and actual issues then (2) the collected data is ordered, explained, and then analyzed (that is why this is often called an analytical method). Geoff Walsham said on his presentation that according to Orlikowski and Baroudi (1991) interpretive studies assume that people cerate and associate their own subjective and intersubjective meanings as they interact with the world around them. Interpretive researchers thus attempt to understand phenomena through accessing the meanings participants assign to them. This definition is based on the ground that: The interpretive research approach towards the relationship between theory and practice is that the researcher can never assume a value-neutral stance, and is always implicated in the phenomena being studied. There is no direct access to reality unmediated by language and preconception. Walsham (1993) himself states that interpretive methods of research start from the position that our knowledge of reality, including the domain of human action, is a social construction by human actors and that this applies equally to researchers. Thus there is no objective reality which can be discovered by researchers and replicated by others, in contrast to the assumptions of positive science. Population The population of the study was the whole of ED classes at State University of Jakarta. Sample The samples of this study were the students from 2005, 2006, and 2007 both from educational and non-educational students. Site and place The study was conducted at English Department of State University of Jakarta from December 2008 to April 2009. Instruments Two kinds of instruments are designed for data collection. They are test of English phoneme and interview list. 1.) Test of English Phoneme The test of English phoneme is consisted of the list of words that are categorized into vowels, diphthongs, trip thongs, consonants, consonant clusters, stress, and intonation. Then, students are asked to pronounce them using tape recorder. 2.) Interview list The interview for this study is designed as a structured interview. The questions in the interview list are designed based on the research questions in chapter I. 3.2 DATA COLLECTION PROCESS The data collection was conducted on December 2008 until April 2009. The data in this study consisted of information collected by using test of English phoneme, and interview list. The collected data using an English test phoneme was conducted on December 2008 until April 2009. Meanwhile, the data from interview was done by taking notes (face-to-face individually) and sending via e-mail. DATA ANALYSIS The researcher analyzed the data by the following steps. The first was checking data completeness; the data taken were the recorded ED students pronunciation. The recorded data contains vowels, diphthongs, trip thongs, consonants, consonant clusters, stress, and intonation. To classify the data, the writer analyzed the pronunciation into the transcript based on the participants entrance year. The second was grouping data by making them in the table presentation based on the data source. The third was comparing the data in each category; by comparing the data, the writer would find the dominant and the less dominant made by students in pronouncing the sound. The forth was putting groups of data in order from the more dominant data to the less ones. The last was the taken data was interpreted based on the findings.

The Handicapped Poor in America Essay -- Disabled Poverty

In The Working Poor, David Shipler relates the plight of the invisible poor in America, sharing the stories of laborers across the nation who work but cannot get a firm grip on the slippery surface of the American dream. Shipler also touches on, but does not fully explore, the even thornier path of the disabled, impoverished individual in America. Although a relatively large segment of the population (10-20 percent of the United States population is disabled), the disabled poor encounter setbacks in their struggle to succeed in a world where one’s worth is often judged by one’s economic and educational attainment. A blind and impoverished woman from Eastern Europe directly states that the disabled poor "depend on everyone; no one wants us. We are like garbage that everyone wants to get rid of" (Wolfensohn 1). Far from the thoughts of many in the social hierarchy, including the healthy working poor, the disabled poor face numerous obstacles in their path towards a stable income above the poverty line. Addressing the problem of helping disabled individuals through legislation becomes difficult because definitions of disability differ. Some may argue that depression is not a disability because not only is it difficult to prove that an individual is afflicted with it, but it is also questionable whether it is the cause of their unemployment. Asthma may not be considered a disability for a child in the suburbs, who, with the help of an inhaler, may play soccer without suffering, but chronic, untreated asthma can be debilitating for a child living in poverty and, according to the American Lung Association, â€Å"can be a life-threatening disease if not properly managed.† The government defines disability as having a â€Å"physical or m... ... > U.S. Census Bureau: American Fact Finder. â€Å"Sex by Age by Disability by Employment Status for the Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population 5 Years and Over.† ds_name=ACS_2003_EST_G00_&-redoLog=false&- mt_name=ACS_2003_EST_G2000_P059>. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. â€Å"Child Health USA 2003†. . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. â€Å"Disability Among Women on AFDC: An Issue Revisited.† 1993. . U.S. Department of Labor. â€Å"The United States Department of Labor Homepage, Secretary of State Elaine L. Chao.† . The University of New Mexico Center for Development and Disability. .

The Usage Of Information And Communication Technologies Education Essay

AbstractionThe universities expenditure on computing machine substructure has increased dramatically for the last five old ages, as the establishments attempts to intermix ICTs into all facets of instruction and acquisition. And with the revolution in ICTs connectivity, handiness, package and hardware handiness is no longer an major issue. As universities are puting immense sum in incorporating ICT into faculty members and the survey aims to understand the pupils and instructors positions on the usage of information and communicating engineerings ( ICTs ) as teaching-learning tools in higher instruction. The survey aims to derive a better apprehension of the function engineerings play in back uping teaching-learning activities and penetration into what pupils and teacher perceive to be the benefits and restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction. The survey focuses on the alterations in pupil ‘s communicating form with the coming of ICTs. A study was conducted utilizing a graded sampling technique and a structured questionnaire was employed to roll up informations from five 100 pupils of Anna University across all subjects. To understand the instructor ‘s perceptual experience of ICTs an in-depth interview has been conducted among 50 instructors from Anna University. The survey reveals that the pupils are able to have big content in different formats from assorted beginnings and these content fulfil the single demands of the pupils. Networking and interaction among instructors and pupils helps to unclutter the uncertainties round the clock. The technological discovery encourages the pupils to come out of their inhabitancy and is motivated to take part in capable based treatments. This transforms the University campus from the inactive to collaborative and progressive establishment.IntroductionIntegration of ICT in Higher instruction: The bend towards the computing machine based teaching-learning over the past 20 old ages is assumed to hold revolutionized and revitalized the higher instruction sector. Thus, stark ultimatums continue to be made by instruction engineers that universities must either ‘transform or decease ‘ in the face of technological advancement ( Bates, 2004 ) . Higher instruction is undergoing a paradigm displacement by incorporating engineering to leave instruction. The ICT-driven alterations have left constructs like distance and clip wholly excess. What is needed now is the right sort of models for different manners of acquisition and it is indispensable that alterations anticipated over the following decennary or two be taken into consideration. The estimated worth of ICT in India is Rs 4,00,000 crore and is turning at 20 per cent yearly. â€Å" By the twelvemonth 2020, about 25 per cent of India ‘s economic system will be accounted by ICT entirely ( Bhatkar, 2011 ) . While universities have begun to recognize that the acceptance and integrating of information and communicating engineerings ( ICT ) has become a competitory necessity, they have besides begun to recognize that there is still much to larn about how to strategically place ICT to guarantee the greatest positive consequence on university success. ( Romaniello, Rey, Carlos, & A ; Medlin, 2010 ) . Impact of ICT can non be straight measured and can merely be measured by analyzing its indirect effects on the procedure of instruction and acquisition. Universities need to see how technology-based instructional plans are mounted to guarantee that pupils use the Internet effectively as a acquisition tool for assorted reliable larning activities such as carry oning research on a given subject or happening relevant information for an assignment. The Internet can supply the undermentioned three basic types of tools in the educational sphere: Tools for enquiry, Tools for communicating, Tools for bu ilding ( Gudanescu, 2010 ) . 1.2 Information communicating engineering revolution Introduction compose up on ICT with commendations Harmonizing to the wiki books ICT is defined as â€Å" Diverse set of technological tools and resources used to pass on, and to make, circulate, shop, and manage information. These engineerings include computing machines, the Internet, airing engineerings ( wireless and telecasting ) , and telephone. In recent old ages tremendous involvement has been shown by academicians, developers and policy shapers on how computing machines and cyberspace can be efficaciously used for instruction at all degrees. ICT has a important impact in the manner instructors and pupils communicate. Communication in the learning procedure provides a transportation of information between university instructors and pupils. e.g. e-mail communicating over the Internet. Such a natural manner of communicating is verbal ( face to face ) or non-verbal where there is an absence of personal contact of consigner with the perceiver changes the natural theoretical account of communicating between instructors and pupils. The Internet has been interfering with the class of the educational procedure at universities because the modern-day coevals of pupils is sing the Internet to be a to the full natural agencies of communicating non merely between themselves but besides with their instructors. This means of communicating is characterized by important positives ( particularly for external survey ) , but besides negative facets pre-described by the clip facet and particularly by non managing the regulations of such manne r of communicating by pupils. It is for these grounds that the part is dedicated to the Internet communicating at two degrees: university instructors and pupils, the positive and negative facets, which evidently complicate the educational procedure. ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) 1.3 ICT integrating At Anna University: Anna University has taken several enterprises to heighten instruction both by being the content supplier and by supplying the proficient substructure. Digital acquisition is offered to the pupils in assorted formats like Cadmium, entree to e diaries and books through the intranet, audio-video talks programmes are offered free on the web. Video Conference / Video-on-demand installation enable the pupils / module to take part in talks delivered in any campus. Anna University has late introduced Wi-Fi ( wireless cyberspace connexion ) for the pupils and staff which made cyberspace entree possible anyplace, anytime in the campus. This has lead to a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ usage of omnipresent engineerings over a period of one twelvemonth. With the turning trust on information systems and increasing celerity of the debut of new engineerings into larning environment, placing the critical factors related to user credence of engineering continues to be an of import issue. 1.4 Barriers in effectual acceptance of ICT in Universities: The organisational civilization of traditional higher instruction establishments is still defined mostly by the function of the module. The propensity of the mean module member to put in new teaching methods is undermined by two features of traditional academic civilization: the famine of inducements to advance invention in learning excellence and the isolation in which most pedagogical determinations are made. In fact, module members have about absolute liberty over determinations sing instructional quality within the schoolroom, taking one perceiver to mention to higher instruction as â€Å" one of the last centres of craft-based production † ( Taylor 1998 ) . That theoretical account will stay sustainable at some, but non all, traditional establishments. Those driven by external forces to do the most marked alterations will happen their success closely linked to their ability to prolong occupation satisfaction among their module members. 1.5 Need for the survey: Despite immense attempts to place computing machine engineering as a cardinal dogma of university instruction, the fact that many pupils and module make merely limited formal academic usage of ICT during their instruction and acquisition is less discussed by educational engineers. Contradicting the impression of the ‘cyber-campus ‘ , the existent formal usage of new engineerings in undergraduate and alumnus surveies remains inconsistent and extremely variable from class to class and establishment to establishment ( Breen et al. 2001 ; Marriott et Al. 2004 ) . Classroom uses of potentially powerful information engineerings are seen to frequently take the decreased signifier of ‘mindless activities ‘ that do little to change the outlooks, premises, and patterns of higher instruction instruction ( Moule 2003 ) . Regardless of the benefits of ICT supported instruction, it is seen that ICT supported instruction has non been promoted at a coveted degree in the instruction procedure. Among the grounds stated are the concerns that pupils involvement in topic will diminish and pupils get distracted due limited figure of computing machines. On the portion of instructors they have non acquire the needed preparation to utilize ICT efficaciously for learning acquisition and are reported non to happen sufficient clip to be able to utilize computing machines, due to the deficiency of proficient support and strength of the course of study. Above mentioned are some of the issues that are barriers in effectual execution of ICT in instruction.2. Previous ResearchMillennial, Electronic Natives, the Net Generation, many names have been used to depict the new coevals of college pupils, whom experts have identified as being clearly different from the old coevalss in footings of their technological abilities, te amwork accomplishments and openness to participatory teaching methods. However there is general understanding that younger pupils do non hold the same attributes as their older opposite numbers, bookmans and observers still offer divergent appraisals of this contrast. Such contrastive histories suggest that even if younger pupils have greater degrees of comfort or proficiency with new engineerings, it is still problematic whether such traits needfully entail more unfastened, progressive, or positive positions of the educational procedure. ICT is transforming all facets of society-from instruction to civic engagement, employment to leisure. Some writers are optimistic and argue that ICTs can take down costs, supply users with more information, make markets more efficient, and better public service. Some go farther and argue that ICTs can do societies healthier, wealthier and more democratic. While others are more doubting about the adoptability of ICT in higher instruction. Any kid born since the beginning of this century is turning up in a digital universe. Those born at the start of the century, already in the in-between old ages of primary school, have been dubbed the â€Å" Net coevals † or, more descriptively, â€Å" digital indigens † ( Prensky, 2001 ) . Oblinger and Oblinger ‘s ( 2005 ) depict the features of the ‘net coevals ‘ – pupils born after 1980 – proposing that these pupils basically differ from old coevalss in the manner they process information and communicate ( and therefore learn ) . They argue that these pupils are comfy with engineerings and suggest that the ways in which they learn is task orientated and experiential. These scholars prefer to have information rapidly, are adept at treating information and multi-tasking, and utilizing multiple/multi-modal communicating channels to entree information and communicate with friends and coachs. However, Kennedy et Al. ( 2006 ) concur with Sharpe et Al. ‘s ( 2005 ) position that there is a famine of surveies looking specifically at pupil usage of engineerings, reasoning that more empirical research is needed to back up the claims made about the net coevals. They conducted a survey looking at pupils ‘ usage of emerging engineerings, concentrating on how pupils were utilizing these to pass on, print and portion information. Their initial findings point to extended usage of engineering by pupils ; they argue that this has considerable deductions for institutional policy and pattern. Kirkwood and Price ( 2005 ) reported on informations from the Open University crossing five old ages on pupils ‘ attitudes to and experiences of engineerings. They found that there was a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ entree to and usage of ICT over the five-year period. Their meta-analysis revealed that there were differences in pupil entree to, experience of and attitude towards engineerings across capable subjects. Take together these surveies suggest that engineerings are basically impacting on the ways in which pupils learn, but that more in-depth research is needed to understand the niceties of how pupils are utilizing engineerings to back up their acquisition. Surveies that focal point at a more powdered degree of analysis of pupils ‘ usage of engineering are besides of import in the context of our research. De Laat ( 2006 ) studied emergent pupil functions and battle with e-learning activities and found that pupils are actively involved in organizing and modu lating personal and shared acquisition activities. The findings showed that pupils at assorted phases of their class developed peculiar acquisition schemes and facilitation accomplishments to back up their online acquisition. Sweeping anticipations are frequently absorbing, but most alteration processes play out in nuanced and incremental ways. While alteration in higher instruction expedited by engineering is a safe stake for the hereafter, it is every bit certain that engineering acceptance will continue unevenly across the higher instruction landscape and be driven by a broad scope of factors. Switching demographic, market, political, and other forces will necessitate many colleges and universities to redefine their institutional civilizations and missions. In an exploratory survey that examined attitudes and use of ICT among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados Glenda Gay, et Al ( 2006 ) observed that the pupils were by and large favorable towards ICT. Males were more inclined to integrate ICT in web based direction compared to other instruction activities. Older pupils were more interested in utilizing ICT merely as a addendum to learning activities. They suggest that university decision makers need to turn to the gender and age differences sing ICT use every bit good as develop schemes to keep positive pupil attitudes and high use of ICT. Our accent on digital ICT tools and applications in instruction mirrors profound structural alterations happening worldwide in communications and information industries. The ability to digitise parallel signals and convey them over telecommunications webs is ensuing in the restructuring of the wireless, telephone, telecasting, publication, amusement, and computing machine industries into new multimedia industries that create digital merchandises uniting voice, picture, text, artworks, images, and lifes, and present these signals electronically ( Bane, Bradley, & A ; Collins, 1995 ) . Indeed, the formal usage of computing machine engineerings in many countries of higher instruction could outdo be described as sporadic, uneven, and frequently ‘low degree ‘ ( in stark contrast to the frequently inventive and informal utilizations that pupils and module brand of engineerings like nomadic telephone and other personal digital devices ) . This state of affairs has prompted some observers to disregard ICT in higher instruction as nil more than a ‘service ‘ country of course of study and teaching method which many pupils and module are loath to prosecute with in an active or sustained mode ( Reffell & A ; Whitworth 2002 ) . While rethinking the topographic point of engineering Peter goodyear states â€Å" A important portion of the kineticss of invention in the field of instruction has been engineering push. As each emerging engineering comes onto the radio detection and ranging of instruction, a mix of old and new partisans spend their clip happening jobs that can be addressed by the new solutions. This is a healthy facet of the procedures of placing the educational affordances of a new tool or artifact, but it does promote an unhelpful mentality: one in which the new thrusts out the old, continuity of professional experience is undermined, and technological carts come before educational Equus caballuss. † Students are finally the chief donees of the push to capitalise on ICT to better the entree to and quality of higher instruction. Students in the twenty-first century are ICT indigens who welcome the debut of engineerings in their acquisition procedure. They may even demand the universities to overhaul their systems and learning patterns to maintain up with workplace demands. The anyplace, anytime manner of acquisition and the networked communities harmonize really good with immature people ‘s life styles and the communicating media of their clip and age. All e-learning classs will hold to be designed to fit their acquisition manners and demands. ( UNESCO, 2011 ) . A survey on pupils and university instructors questioning who reciprocally benefit from the Internet communicating in the acquisition procedure point to deficiency of a by and large acceptable degree of the Internet communicating. It indicates that on the one manus, pupils complain about the instead long clip for responses to their electronic mails from instructors every bit good as the reluctance of university instructors to take part in on-line communications. University instructors to a greater extent knock the quality of the Internet communicating with pupils but their demands are non declared clearly plenty or are non declared at all. Both pedagogues and pupils need to be trained to utilize ICT to increase the overall quality of instruction and the effectivity of the communicating between instructors and pupils ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) . Bennett and Bennett ( 2003 ) , who studied the impacts of sensed features of instructional engineering on module members ‘ willingness to incorporate it in their instruction, found out that the most of import factor which impedes the usage of engineering in higher instruction is non the deficiency of technological installations or fiscal financess, but module members ‘ reluctance and their incredulity in the usage of engineering. Medlin ( 2001 ) studied different variables and identified the factors which are likely to impact instructors ‘ determinations on doing usage of electronic engineerings throughout the instruction procedure and found out that the personal motive is an of import factor which forces module members to better their instruction methods and contribute to the acquisition of pupils by technological agencies. Jenny Waycott, Sue Bennett, Gregor Kennedy, Barney Dalgarno, Kathleen Gray ( 2009 ) in their survey that investigated Australian university staff and pupils ‘ perceptual experiences and usage of current and emerging engineerings both in their day-to-day lives and in instruction and larning contexts says that â€Å" For staff, the cardinal restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction were: additions to their work loads ; usability/technical issues ; the loss of face-to-face interaction.3. AimTo cognize the Teacher ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To cognize the pupil ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To place the spreads in the effectual use of ICT among the instructors and pupils. To propose new attacks for effectual use better the ICT.4. METHODology ( look other articles to compose )This survey explores the issues raised in these surveies in more deepness. In order to understand the difference in the perceptual experience of engineering among pupils and instructors of Engineering plan a sample of 500 pupils and 50 instructors was taken for the survey. The research worker collected informations utilizing a ego administered questionnaire. from a graded random sample of 500 pupils from different subjects of Engineering from Anna University. The study was conducted during the month of December 2011. The survey involved an in deepness interview with the instructors from assorted sections to understand their perceptual experience on use of engineering in teaching-learning procedure. A sample of 50 instructors has been taken for the survey. Out of the 50 instructor 20 are in their early 30 ‘s and 15 are in their late 40 ‘s and 15 above 50 ‘s. ( May be in consequences )( How many questionnaire distributed? No. of respondents: aˆÂ ¦ )5. RESULTS & A ; DiscussionThis survey has followed study method and in-depth interview methods to garner the information. Data collected from the different methods loosely classified in four classs like instructors and pupils Attitude to information engineering, Access to information engineering, Usage of ICT and educational content, Change in communicating form due to ICT. These provide a higher-level description of the manner in which pupils and instructors were utilizing engineerings and their associated perceptual experiences of engineerings. The consequences are presented and discussed below.Attitudes to Information TechnologyMajority favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environmentTyping assignments 90 %Part of their surveies 95 %Supplementing other learning activities 72 %E-mailing inquiries to instructors 70 %Use computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activitiesMale 55 %Female 33 %Preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to learningOlder pupils ( over 22 old ages ) 81 %Younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) 19 %Social networking site as observed by many research workersFacebook 92 %Download packages and music 94 %Small figure of pupils on-line purchasing of tickets – ?1. Opinion on ICT based instruction S. No. Description Yes To an Extent No 1 Do you experience incorporating ICT ( Information Communication Technology ) in instruction is of import? 2 Does your college encourage you to purchase new appliances and accoutrements? 3 Do you believe ICT ( information communicating engineering ) can counter the defect in traditional acquisition? 4 Is Blended acquisition ( utilizing computing machine based instruction as a auxiliary tool for learning ) beneficial? 5 Do you believe engineering has an impact on your day-to-day life? 6 Have engineering alterations the manner you communicate with your friends? List the activities you do with the computing machines? S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Lab work 2 Surf cyberspace 3 Prepare presentation 4 Make assignment 5 Play games 6 Look for lucifer tonss 7 Social media sites 8 Movies/song download 9 Search for intelligence updates 10 Others ( stipulate ) 9. Click the appliances you own from the list below S. No. Description Yes No 1 Laptops 2 Desktops/personal computing machine 3 Mobile with net installation ( GSM ) 4 Mobile without net installation ( GSM ) 5 Ipod 6 Ipad 7 Personal digital assistant 8 Pen thrust 9 External difficult disc 10 Others ( Specify ) This survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. The bulk ( 99 % ) of the sample expressed favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environment. Computer ownership is high and pupils have become accustomed to being able to electronically entree information. The features of the net coevals are apparent in the information. Besides there is grounds from the information that there is a displacement from inactive to more synergistic facets of acquisition. Technology is at the bosom of all facets of their lives as bulk ( 87 % ) of the pupils own more than 5 appliances namly mobile phone, laptop, desktop, pendrive, mp3. However, pupils were immune to the usage of computing machines as full replacing of the regular, traditional instruction experience. This determination suggests pupils ‘ strong penchant for both signifiers of the academic experience ( i.e. , interaction with the instructor and interaction with information engineering ) . Furthermore, Frizler ( 1995 ) asserts that although computing machines can ne'er replace instructors, computing machines can â€Å" supply first-class and reasonably cheap auxiliary stuffs to heighten schoolroom direction † ( Bataineh and Baniabdelrahman, 2005 ) . Particularly, pupils were more inclined to utilize computing machines for: typewriting assignments ( 90 % ) , portion of their surveies ( 95 % ) , supplementing other learning activities ( 72 % ) , and e-mailing inquiries to instructors ( 70 ) . With regard to gender, no important gender differences were found bespeaking that both males and females by and large had a penchant for the usage of information engineering but the appliances owned by male pupils ( more than 5 ) were relatively more than the female pupils and the clip spent with engineering were higher among the male pupils. However, males ( 55 % ) , to a important grade, by and large preferred to utilize computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activities, compared to females ( 33 % ) . Refering comparings utilizing age, no important differences were found. However, a important age difference was found for utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to other instruction activities. Older pupils ( over 22 old ages ) ( 81 % ) preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to instruction, compared to younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) . Students use engineerings in their mundane interactions with household and friends are different from their penchants for engineering usage in formal acquisition scenes. For many a pupil ‘s instant messaging and ( 90 % ) societal networking remain within the range of their private lives. Their preferable societal networking site as observed by many research workers remained to be face book ( 92 % ) . Apart from chew the fating over face book they besides used cyberspace to download package ‘s and music ( 94 % ) . Small figure of pupils ( 17 % ) said they do on-line purchasing of tickets, book and appliances. A complete tabular array needed and some graphsInformation seeking and managingStudents are adept at happening and pull stringsing relevant information and synthesising across different information beginnings and utilize a assortment of communicating tools to back up their acquisition demands. Students used the web extensively to widen their apprehension of constructs and supplement class stuff. Search engines and information sites such as Wikipedia were often mentioned. Several reported that seeking with Google was their first action when seeking to acquire information for an assignment. Some of the pupils have reported that they have non found relevant information and had to utilize alternate beginnings of paper- based information. A figure of pupils highlighted that a cardinal benefit of engineerings was the chances engineerings provide in footings of handiness. Despite the many favorable remarks about engineerings there were still some usability issues. Students were critical of severely designed web sites and package which appeared ‘old fashioned ‘ . They stated happening shoping through over-structured web sites, with ill designed pilotage frustrating, as they are used to the ( deceivingly ) simple and seemingly effectual interface of hunt engines. Specialised subject-based sites were often cited. Printed text editions were considered by some to be outdated and hard to digest but were still used by many as cardinal resources. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Purpose of internet use: Purpose of utilizing ICT S. No. Description Yes No 1 Doubt elucidations 2 To listen to Lecture 3 Research intents 4 Syllabus based entree 5 Measure yourself 6 Interaction with experts 7 To fix for scrutinies 8 To acquire depth cognition in the country of involvement 9 For undertaking plants 10 To seek occupation chances 11 To seek inside informations about higher surveiesChange in communicating formUse of communicating engineerings to back up their surveies was extended. Many pupils reported utilizing nomadic phones often to phone and text each other, to discourse issues related to their acquisition, and peculiarly for assignment questions. They expressed positive feelings about the communicating engineerings they used, though some found the frequent breaks which arose as a effect of this changeless communicating disruptive to analyze. Email was used universally and was the chief channel for communicating with coachs. About all our communications with the university are through electronic mail. They use email to pass on with everyone, particularly lectors ; set uping meetings, inquiring inquiries about work and questions over assignments, etc. Some preferable to utilize text messages and instant messaging with equals, using the extra functionality available with the latter for sharing files and organizing meetings. Instant courier, free to utilize, easy of usage to talk to people with fast response, ability to portion files across it, ability to work on group undertakings with it, and ability to video conference. Students expected and by and large received speedy responses to their electronic mails and appreciated the flexibleness this provided. Low cost communicating engineerings such as Skype ( package which allows pupils to name people for free or at a low cost via the cyberspace ) , MSN confab and electronic mail were considered priceless signifiers of communicating and were being used in a assortment of different ways ( student-student, student-friends/family, student-department/ university or coach ) . Skype was mentioned by some of the pupils as a cheap, easy manner to maintain in touch with friends and household. For some pupils text messaging and the nomadic phone, although popular, were regarded as more expensive options. Information retrieval from the web was chiefly for text-based stuffs, but pupils besides reported seeking for images ( to include in presentations ) . A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Mode of Study stuffs circulated by your instructors S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Photocopy 2 Electronic mail 3 Books ( print ) 4 Pen thrust 5 Mobile 6 Others ( stipulate )Teachers perceptual experience of TechnologyMost of the instructor who were in their early 30s had some entree to computing machine in their higher instruction and hold gone about updating their cognition as they felt learning with the engineering is really effectual. They use power point slides for their category and give online mentions to the pupils. Many instructors felt that with the aid of engineering information aggregation and storage has simplified. They besides encourage pupils to make online entry and connected to pupils through groups and societal networking sites. Many of the instructors who are in their late 40 have non received any formal preparation in computing machine and have learned computing machine on occupation. They said they felt batch of trouble in the beginning but as they started utilizing it, it has simplified and enhanced their instruction. Most of the instructors still prefer books and are more comfy reading books that the vitamin E books. Almost all instructors are comfy with smart category suites and are utilizing batch of multimedia to do their instruction interesting and enlightening. Many of the instructors have besides expressed their sentiment that integrating ICT in learning is clip devouring and needs entree to batch of substructure. They want the establishment to recognize instructors to utilize ICT and supply the necessary substructure so that others who are non users of ICT will be motivated. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs 26. What do you believe is the chief hinderance for integrating of ICT ( information communicating engineering ) in teaching-learning procedure? S. No. Description Strongly Disagree Disagree No Opinion Agree Strongly Agree 1 Lack of Time 2 Syllabus force per unit area 3 Infrastructure inability 4 Addicted to the engineering 5 Not interacting face to confront with people 6 Additions disbursals 7 Others ( delight specify ) 18. Main manner of communicate with pupils S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Face to confront 2 Electronic mails 3 Mobile rivers 4 Forums 5 Chat 6 Web log 7 Others ( Specify ) Mode of Teaching S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Lecture 2 talk and utilize Blackboard 3 Lecture and usage OHP projector 4 Lecture and usage LCD projector 5 Tocopherol contentFINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONSelect of import points from the Results and Discussion and revision hereThis survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. Older pupils were more favorable to computing machine usage as a addendum to other instruction activities, compared to younger pupils. Students had entree to computing machines and the Internet off campus. There besides seems to be widespread use of assorted signifiers of information engineering such as Internet, WebCT and electronic mail. Students are comfy with engineering and see it as built-in portion of their life. They are on the whole, sophisticated users – utilizing different tools for different intents, critically cognizant of the pros and cons. Students have specific outlooks and the cyberspace is their first port of call for information and they expect entree to up-to-date/ relevant information and communicating ( with equals, coachs, etc. ) on demand. Teachers use of engineering is promotes pupil larning. Teachers are non merely actively integrating ICT in learning but are besides active web content supplier for the Engineering talks. Experiences instructors are supplying pictures based technology talks for assorted technology classs that are transmitted via orbiter to 39 attached Engineering colleges. Teachers are bit by bit change overing these picture lectures in the vitamin E content formats. Based on the above findings, it is recommended that academicians and class decision makers pay more attending sing the usage of ICT resources as a major constituent in schoolroom instruction. This should function to pull greater support for ICT and e-learning among all classs of pupils.Mentions:Farideh Hamidi, M. M. ( 2011 ) . Information Technology in Education. Procedia Computer Science 3, 369-373. Glenda Gay, S. M. ( 2006 ) . Percepts of information and communicating engineering among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados. International Journal of Education and Development utilizing Information and Communication Technology ( IJEDICT ) , 9. GraA?inne Conole, M. d. ( 2008 ) . ‘Disruptive engineerings ‘ , ‘pedagogical invention ‘ : What ‘s new? Findingss from an in-depth survey of pupils ‘ usage and perceptual experience of engineering. Computers & A ; Education 50, 511-524. Grineski, S. ( 1999 ) . Questioning the Role of Technology in Higher Education: Why is this the Road Less Traveled? The Internet and Higher Education 2 ( 1 ) , 45A ± 54. Jef C. Verhoeven, D. H. ( 2010 ) . Information and communicating engineerings in the life of university freshers: An analysis of alteration. Computers & A ; Education 55, 53-66. Jing Lei, Y. Z. ( 2007 ) . Technology uses and student accomplishment: A longitudinal survey. Computers & A ; Education 49, 284-296. Kennedy, G. D. ( 2006 ) . The net coevals are non large users of Web 2.0 engineerings: Preliminary findings. ICT: Providing Choices for Learners and Learning. Oblinger, D. G. ( 2005 ) . Educating the net coevals. 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